The earliest roots of invitational theory are found in William Purkey's classic discourse Self-concept and School Achievement (1970). Following its publication, Purkey, Avila, Siegel and others began to crystallize the assumptions and beliefs of what they called "invitational education." During the past twenty years, an extensive bibliography has been generated on the research and practice of invitational theory. The bibliography of published works and research papers has been compiled for individuals interested in invitational theory (The invitational model), and is presented in this issue of the Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice.

As one examines this bibliography, it is apparent that invitational theory is an evolving rather than static conceptual model. Entries in the bibliography further elucidate the major underlying concepts and assumptions of the theory and seek to expand and refine these concepts and assumptions. Most entries in the bibliography describe applications of the model. Authors have applied invitational theory to concerns of school, college, health, and business settings. The areas of nutrition, counseling, college attrition, clinical experience in dental programs and college teaching have received much attention.

Invitational theory has been most often applied to the concerns of schools: teaching, counseling, staff development and administrative functioning. It appears that invitational education first focused on how to develop schools that encouraged positive self concept development in children and increased quality of staff and teacher functioning.

One also may examine the bibliography in a temporal fashion. The International Alliance for Invitational Education is beginning its third decade. Each decade of its existence reveals a different emphasis.

Between 1970 and 1980, the overwhelming focus of invitational theory was the public school setting. Articles focused on teaching, staff development and school environment. Only one article applied invitational theory to a setting beyond grades K-12. That article applied invitational education to the teaching of post-secondary students.

An explosion of articles, books and presentations about invitational theory characterized the 1980-1990 decade. Bibliographical entries demonstrate the continuing development of the concepts and model and the areas to which it can be applied. Authors asked, "What is invitational education?" and "Why invitational education?" Refinements of the theory and practice of invitational education were a major focus of the decade. Invitational teaching and invitational learning were examples of concepts created during this time period, indicating a refinement and creation of special focuses within the broader scope of invitational theory.

In addition to the refinement of the theory and model, individuals from every imaginable setting began applying the approach. What had earlier been called "invitational education" became more than a theory and practice for schools. It also became a model for practice in colleges, mental health agencies, businesses and hospitals. Entries during the 1980-1990 decade reflected many concerns of our society. There was more of a focus on at-risk students, cultural diversity, school discipline, college attrition, and parental involvement in schools.

Many grants were written during the 1980 decade to help address some of the concerns of students, schools and colleges. These research proposals had a major focus on the at-risk or disconnected student. The goal of these grants was to create more positive school environments for everyone in school instead of separating the psychological or physical dropout from other students. Such separation was thought to create a stigma that worked against the development of positive self-concepts and academic achievement.

In 1990, the invitational model became a structure for research and practice in changing school climate. Specific plans, strategies and programs developed at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro were designed to improve school environments, enhance self-concept of students and staff, and create a more positive climate for learning. For example, "The Five-P Relay" (Purkey, 1991) describes in detail how a school can examine the programs, policies, people, processes, and places characteristic of the school and make changes that enhances the quality of learning and student development.

The beginning of the 1990's already includes signs of tremendous growth for invitational theory. In 1990, invitational theory, the invitational model, and invitational living became concepts which have expanded the purview of invitational education. These new concepts are the focus of the most recent entries in the bibliography and upcoming projects of the Alliance. A monograph, Advances In Invitational Thinking and The Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice are two examples of movement toward an expansion of invitational concepts and applications.

Although there has been much refinement and expansion of invitational theory, it continues to be based on the perceptual tradition and self-concept theory. As noted earlier, Self Concept and School Achievement may be considered the seminal work upon which all later entries are based. The invitational model had its genesis in the study of self-concept and perceptual psychology. As the importance of self- concept and perception became more accepted as important for behavior, invitational theory emerged. It was developed as a method of creating environments in which self concept could be enhanced and human potential more fully developed.

The following bibliography offers a summary of the literature and research published and presented about invitational theory and practice since its inception. Future theorists and researchers interested in studying and expanding this foundation will find this listing helpful. As with many emerging theories, much of the literature and research is found in non-refereed newsletters and journals. The future acceptance and application of invitational theory will be influenced by rigorous investigation, scholarship, and publication in noteworthy sources.

Bibliography

1991

Almond, S. (1991). Focus on at-risk students. Invitational Education Forum, 12, 16.

Albano, J., Lanningan, G., & Lannigan, K. (1991). Self-esteem: A school-wide approach to personal development for staff and students. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 13-15.

Bail, F.T.,& Streveler, R. (1991). Using a computer bulletin board to stimulate student interaction in a learning strategies course. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, Illinois.

Braun, J.A.,& Williams, D. (1991). Case studies of environments that invite college students to learn via cooperative learning and challenge education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, Illinois.

Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1991). Optimal experience and the development of talent. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, Illinois.

Dorsey, Gail (1991). Things that work for at-risk students. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 10-12.

Fink, D. (1991). The Alliance for Invitational Education: The end of the beginning: A directions paper. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 25-27.

Jacobs, G., & Ilola, L. (1991). A look at how feminist pedagogy interrelates with Invitational Education and cooperative learning. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, Illinois.

Lang, M., & Cushner, K. (1991). Love thy neighbor as thyself: A study of students' cross-cultural adjustments. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, Illinois.

Nofsinger, P. (1991). Invitation to find rainbows. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 15-16.

Novak, J.M. (1991). Grounding Invitation Teaching: A theory of practice perspective. Brock Education, 1, (2), 8-11.

Paxton, Patsy (1991). Self-empowered individuals--The challenge for teachers. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 6-9.

Purkey, W. W. (1991). The Five-P relay. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 9- 12.

Purkey, W.W. and Stanley, P.H. (1991). Invitational teaching, learning and living. Washington, DC: National Education Association Library.

Purkey, W. W. (1991). 29 ways to invite new students into your school. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 6-7.

Radd, T. (1991). The validation process for the invitational teaching Survey: Primary and intermediate. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago, Illinois.

Purkey, W. W. (1991). A brief history of the International Alliance for Invitational Education. The Invitational Education Forum, 12, 23-25.

Wilson, J. (1991). Managing middle level student invitationally. Middle School Journal, 23 (1), 22-24.

1990

Novak, J.M. (1990). Advancing constructive education. In R. Neimeyer and G. Neimeyer (Eds.), Advances in personal construct psychology (pp. 225-247). New York: JAI press.

Novak, J. M. (1991). Why Invitational Education? The Invitational Education Forum, 11, 4-5.

Paxton, P. (1990). The challenge of Invitational Education for Black teachers in a changing South Africa. International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 11, 2-3.

Purkey, W. W. (1990). What is invitational education? UNC-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC: The International Alliance For Invitational Education.

Purkey, W.W., & Schmidt, J.J. (1990). Invitational learning for counseling and development. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan. ERIC/CAPS.

Purkey, W.W. & Stanley, P.H. (1990). A blue and orange card metaphor for counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development, 68, 587.

Purkey, W. W. & Stanley, P.H. (1990). What office professionals can do to make their school "The Most Inviting Place in Town." Greensboro, NC: The International Alliance For Invitational Education.

Purkey, W.W. (1990). Invitational Education: New directions in staff development. Grant Proposal to R.J. R. Nabisco Byrd School Project. Funded by R.J.R. Nabisco. $22, 400.00.

Purkey, W.W., & Stanley, P.H. (1990). Connecting with the disconnected student. Z. Smith Reynolds Research/ Demonstration Project. Grant Final Report. Greensboro, NC: International Alliance for Invitational Education.

Schmidt, J. J. (1990). The inviting process: A perceptual approach to professional helping. Ann Arbor, MI: ERIC/CAPS Clearinghouse, University of Michigan. (ERIC Document No. ED 320 069)

Schmidt, J.J. (1990). Promoting school leadership by inviting personal and professional wellness. American Middle School Education, 13, 17-25.

Schmidt, J. J. (1990). Living intentionally and making life happen. Cary, NC: Brookcliff.

Stanley, P.H. (1990). On being personally inviting with oneself. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 11, 25-28.

Stanley, P.H. (1990). Myths and realities of Invitational Education. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 11, 6-9.

1989

Leuder, D. (October, 1989). Tennessee parents were invited to participate--and they did. Educational Leadership, 15-17.

Lutkenhaus, B. (1989). Turning the local high school from a potential headache into a major asset through Invitational Education. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 10, 22-25.

Novak, J. (1989). In praise of fluently inviting. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 10, 6-7.

Purkey, W.W. (1989). Invitational Education and serious discipline problems. Paper presented to the American Education Research Association Convention, San Francisco, CA.

Purkey, W.W. (December, 1989). Children of the blue sunshine.Mississippi Association on Children Under Six, 1-2.

Purkey, W.W. & Stanley, P.H. (1989). Self-concept: Guidance system for living. Whole Brain Learning, 5, 1.

Purkey, W.W. & Stanley, P. H. (1989). Connecting with the disconnected student. Grant Proposal to Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation. Funded $20,000.00.

Schmidt, J.J. (1989). A professional stance for positive discipline-promoting learning, NASSP Bulletin, 73, 14-20.

Stafford, W.B. (1989). Are you sure you want to invite? The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 10, 4-5.

Stanley, P.H. (1989). Collective wisdom: Creating an inviting climate in schools. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 10, 13-14.

Stanley, P.H. (1989). Start to finish: A model project to keep students in school. Paper presented at the American Association for Counseling and Development Convention. Boston, MA.

1988

Amos, L., & Purkey, W.W. (1988). Teacher practices and student satisfaction in Dental Hygiene programs. Dental Hygiene: Journal of the American Dental Hygienists' Association, 62, 286-291.

Arceneaux, C.J. (1988). A look from the student's side of the desk: The rewards of Invitational Education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Bass, L. (1988). Reflections of a University of North Carolina at Greensboro graduate student on Invitational Education. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 8, 13-14.

Collins, E. (1988). Invitational Education and minority students: Expanding the vision and critique. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Common, R. & Frost, L. (1988). Beyond Invitational Education: A study in the struggle by North American school systems to establish an Invitational school ethnos. Paper presented at the American Education Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Ganopole, S.J. (1988). Designing an inviting language learning environment for gifted students. Paper presented at the American Education Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Kearns, J. (1988). Inviting praise: Systematic research and suggestions. Paper presented at the American Education Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Lange, M. (1988). Voices of the disinvited: The dream and reality of Invitational Education for underachievers and apathetic students. Paper presented at the America Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Mosler, J. (1988). Inviting schools: A supply teacher's perspective. Canadian Invitational Education Newsletter, 1, 2-3.

Novak, J. (1988). The effects of Invitational Education on minority students. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention,New Orleans.

Novak, J. M. (1988). Teaching for life: An inviting approach. Monographs in Education: University of Manitoba. XIX, 53-61.

Purkey, W.W., & Aspy, D. (1988). The mental health of students: Nobody minds, nobody cares? The Person-Centered Review, 3, 41-49.

Purkey, W.W., & Novak, J. (1988). Education: By invitation only. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa.

Purkey, W.W., & Warters, R. (1988). Forty brass tack suggestions for the school executive. The Oregon Elementary Principal, 49 (3), 2-3.

Schmidt, J.J. (1988). Invitation to friendship. Minneapolis, MN: Educational Media Corporation.

Stanley, P.H. (1988). Focus on an inviting elementary school. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter. 8, 13-15.

Stanley, P.H. (1988). A most inviting teacher. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 8, 1-3.

Strahan, D., & Strahan, J. (1988). Revitalizing remediation in the middle grades: An Invitational approach. Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary Principals.

1987

Brown, C. (1987). Intergenerational rainbows: An invitation to dissolve the generation gap between children and the elderly. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Cogar, P. (1987). A principal's case study of his national award winning high school exemplifying the process of inviting students to succeed. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Damico, S. (1987). Voices of the disinvited: A case study of academic failure in high school. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Dixon, N. (1987). Self theory, the inviting process and the improvement of instruction. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Lang, M. (1987). Inviting teachers and their students to success in the "musty" social science of economics: Evaluation of achievement and attitude changes. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Novak, J. (1987). The invitational imagination for theory, research, and practice. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Novak, J. M. (September/October, 1987). The inviting messenger. Forum. (Interview), 27-30.

Purkey, W.W. (June, 1987). The inviting tree fable. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 4-5.

Purkey, W.W. (1987). Make your schools inviting.Voice of North Carolina School Boards Association, 3, 17-22.

Purkey, W.W. (1987). An introduction to Invitational counseling. News Links, 5, 10.

Purkey, W.W. (1987). Make your school inviting: 20 examples of ways school board members can invite school success. Mastering the Basics, 21-23. (New Cumberland, PA: The Pennsylvania School Boards Association)

Purkey, W.W. (December, 1987). Illmar and the Christmas Tree. UNC-G Alumni News, 3.

Purkey, W.W., & Schmidt, J.J. (1987). The inviting relationship: An expanded perspective for professional counseling. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Purkey, W.W., & Strahan, D. (1987). Positive discipline: A pocketful of ideas. Columbus, OH: National Middle Schools Association.

Purkey, W.W. (1987). Inviting success for everyone. Paper presented to the Canadian Council for Exceptional Children, Toronto, Canada.

Purkey, W.W. (1987). The role of the community college in inviting success. Paper presented before the Virginia Community College System Conference, Richmond, VA.

Purkey, W.W. (1987). The Florida Key: An instrument to infer student self- concept-as-learner in grades one through six. Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan: ERIC/CAPS Clearinghouse.

Reed, C. (1987). Voices of the disinvited vs. well and successful students. A paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Smith, S., Purkey, W., & Amos, L. (1987). Using the Invitational Teaching Survey (ITS) and the Student Attitudinal Outcome Measure (SOAM) to improve teaching practice. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

Wood, P. (1987). Self in Invitational Education: Problems of definition and application. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Washington, DC.

1986

Amos, L.W. (1986). Professionally and personally inviting teacher practices as related to affective course outcomes reported by Dental Hygiene students. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, School of Education, UNC-Greensboro.

Arthur, D.B. (1986). A comparison of invitational teaching practices with scholastic achievement as measured by midterm course grades. Unpublished Master's Thesis, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

Austin, C. (1986). Increasing your invitational quotient through "Fitness Framers." The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 6, 3-4.

Chandler, G., & Purkey, W.W. (1986). Invitational physical education. The Physical Educator, 43, 123-128.

Fink, D. (1986). Inviting excellent schools--Part I. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 6, 1-3.

Fink, D. (1986). Inviting excellent schools-- Part II. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 6, 4-5.

McLaren, P. (1986). Interrogating the conceptual roots of Invitational Education-- A review of Purkey and Novak's Inviting School Success. Interchange, 17, 90-95.

Novak, J. M. (1986). New directions with invitational education: Moving with McLaren from interrogation to conversation. Interchange. 17, 96-99.

Purkey, W.W. (1986). An Invitational approach to human development.

Renaissance, 2, 3-4.

Purkey, W.W.,& Warters, R. (1986). Brass tack suggestions for the school executive. Pennsylvania Schoolmaster, 18, 6-8.

Ripley, D.M. (1986). Invitational teaching behaviors in the Associate degree clinical setting. Unpublished Master of Education Thesis, School of Nursing, UNC-G.

Smith, C.J. (1986). The effects of inviting teaching practices on affective outcomes of graduate nursing students: An extension of replication. Unpublished Master of Education Thesis, School of Nursing, UNC-Greensboro.

Webster, S. J., & Novak, J. M. (January, 1986). Inviting policy development: From public relations to public creation. Resources in Education. (ERIC Document No. ED 269 900)

Wilson, J.H. (1896). The invitational elementary classroom. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas.

1985

Amos, L. Purkey, W. W. & Tobias, N. (1985). The development of the Invitational Teaching Survey. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

Common, R. (1985). Is an inviting theory of educational administration possible? Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

Dixon, N. & Schulz, J. B. (1985). Parent participation in the teaching-learning process. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

Gorrell, J. & Hillard, M. (1985). Academically weak elementary students' beliefs about their teachers and schools. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

Howarth, L., & Novak, J. M. (January, 1985). A study to improve Invitational Theory and practice in a special education setting. Resources in Education. (ERIC Document No. ED 234 283)

Keel, L.P. (1985). Student perceptions of participation and self-disclosure within a classroom. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

McLaren, P. (1985). Developing an inviting curriculum. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

Novak, J. (1985). Invitational teaching for mere mortals. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association, Chicago.

Parker, W.M., Scott, J., & Chambers, A. (1985). Creating an inviting atmosphere for college students from ethnic minority groups. Journal of College Student Personnel, 26, 82-84.

Purkey, W.W. (1985). Inviting student self-discipline. Theory Into Practice, XXIV, 256-259.

Purkey, W.W., Cage, B.N., & Mahey, M. (1985). The Florida Key: An instrument to infer student self-concept in grades one through six.Resources in Education. Princeton, NJ: ERIC, Educational Testing Service. (ERIC Document No. ED 250 396)

Purkey, W.W. & Queen, J. (1985). Seven gifts for the beginning teacher. Focus on Learning, 11, 105-108.

Stillion, J.M. & Siegel, B.L. (1985). The intentionally inviting hierarchy. Journal of Humanistic Education., 9, 33-39.

Timmins High and Vocational School (1985). Inviting parent involvement. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 5, 1-2.

Wagner, J. & Novak, J. (1985). Invitations to Meaningful Learning. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Chicago.

1984

Common, R. (1984). The role of the site administrator in establishing an Invitational approach to education. Canadian Invitational Education Newsletter, 1, 3.

Common, R. (1984).Validating inviting administrative behaviors. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Dixon, N. (1984). Teachers who invite handicapped children. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Fink, D. (1984). Twenty ways to invite school board members. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 5, 2, 6.

Henderson, C. (1984). Inviting learning success with the new technologies. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Howarth, L., & Novak, J. (1984). So you want to be inviting: A case study to improve invitational theory and practice in a special education setting. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Lang, M. (1984). Invitations to thinking: A study of thoughtfulness penetrating the lives of students. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

McCormick, D. (1984). A look at student perceptions of teacher invitations.The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 4, 1, 5.

McCormick, D. (May-June, 1984). What the teacher says...May not be what the student hears! North Carolina Education, 14 (4) .

Novak, J. M. (February, 1984). Inviting research: Paradigms and projects for a theory of educational practice. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Novak, J. M. (Winter, 1984). What physical educators can do. OPHEA, 55-57.

Novak, J. M. (1984). Revisioning invitational education. Resources in Education. (ERIC Document No. ED 234 283)

Nubel, D. (1984). Dis-inviting our students. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 5, 1, 5.

Purkey, W. W. (January, 1984). Inviting school success: What school board members can do. Pennsylvania School Board Journal.

Purkey, W.W. (July, 1984). Schools that invite success. Paper presented at the Pennsylvania School Boards Association Meeting, Bucknell University.

Purkey, W.W. (October, 1984). Overcoming math anxiety: An Invitational approach. Paper presented at the Arkansas Council of Teachers of Mathematics Convention, Little Rock.

Purkey, W. W. (1984). School Board members can invite school success. Illinois School Board Journal, 52, 11-12.

Purkey, W.W. (1984). Inviting school success: What secondary school teachers can do. Journal of the Saskatchewan Mathematics Teacher's Society, 21, 8-9.

Purkey, W.W. (Winter, 1984). Our school cafeteria: The most inviting place in town. School Food Service in Virginia Journal, 7, 2.

Purkey, W.W. (1984). Make your school inviting. PSBA Bulletin, Pennsylvania School Boards Association, XLVIII, 25-27.

Purkey, W.W., Cage, R., & Fahey, M. (1984). The Florida Key Manual. Greensboro, NC: International Alliance for Invitational Education, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

Purkey, W.W., & Novak, J. (1984). Inviting school success: A self-concept approach to teaching and learning, (2nd ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

Purkey, W.W., Snyder, M.M., & Wasicsko, M. (Winter, 1984). Fifty ways to invite success in your classroom. Journal of Virginia Reading Association, 15-18.

Purkey, W.W., & Turner, R. (1984). Invitational education for the gifted. Society for Accelerative Learning and Teaching Journal, 9, 87-92.

Reed, C. (1984). Minority self-concept and achievement. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Russell, D.W. (Summer, 1984). Applying Invitational theory by teachers of the gifted to regular classroom teachers. Education, 104 .

Schmidt, J.J. (1984). Counselor intentionality: An emerging view of process and performance. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 383-386.

Schmidt, J.J. (1984). The universality of invitations: Rethinking the definitional role of perception. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 4, 1,3, 4.

Stillion, J.M. (1984). Incorporating invitational concepts in a summer program for gifted students. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Van Horn, K. L. (1984). The effect of the Utah pupil/teacher self-concept program on the Invitational verbal behavior of secondary teachers: A summative evaluation. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

Wagner, J., & Bartlett, M. (1984). The generation effect and inviting the acquisition of learning strategies. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New Orleans.

1983

Chambers, G. (1983). The inviting administrator: Can she/he survive? Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Common, R. (1983). The role of the site administrator in establishing an invitational approach to education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Dixon, N., & Siegel, B. (1983). Invitational Education with the handicapped. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Fink, D. (1983). An inviting school system. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 3, 1, 3.

Gorrell, J. (1983). Inviting volunteers. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Lewis, H.G. & Purkey, W.W. (1983). Efficient factory of inviting family: Two school models for the 21st century. Journal of Humanistic Education, 7, 31-33.

Novak, J. M.(1983). Revisioning Invitational Education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Novak, J. M. (October, 1983). Informally inviting moral development; Teacher perception and behaviour regarding the handling of moral transgressions. Resources in Education. (ERIC Document No. ED 230 519)

Purkey, W.W. (1983). Sparks from a welder's torch. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 3, 1-2.

Purkey, W.W., Raheim, A., & Cage, B. (1983). Self-concept as learner: An overlooked part of self-concept theory. The Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 22 (2).

Purkey, W.W., & Summer, S. (1983). Invitational Education: An innovative approach to nutrition education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Stillion, J. (1983). Women and the inviting process. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Turner, R. (1983). Invitational Education as defined by students. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

Turner, R.B. (1983). Teacher invitations and effectiveness as reported by Physical Education students, grades 9-12. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC.

Turner, R.B., & Purkey, W.W. (1983). An Invitational approach to teaching physical education.Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 54, 13-14.

Wagner, J. & Howarth, L. (1983). Invitational Education approaches to reducing anxiety in learning and response behavior of children. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Montreal.

1982

Beeson, S., Bentley, G., & DiMeo, E. (November, 1982). Inviting patients to learn: An Invitational approach to patient teaching. Nursing Life, 26.

Chambers, G. (1982). Nonverbal invitations and teacher effectiveness. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New York City.

Gerber, T. (1982). The young adolescent: Invitations to school success. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New York City.

Lang, M., & Furreto, D.M. (1982). Building self-concept in college mathematics. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New York City.

Martinek, T.J., & Karper, W.B. (1982). Cononical relationships among expression of effort, motor ability, teacher expectations and dyadic interactions in elementary age children. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New York City.

Purkey, W.W. (1982). Ways to improve your I-nvitational Q-uotient as a teacher. Journal of Humanistic Education, 6, 5-8.

Purkey, W.W., Schmidt, J.J. & McBrien, D. (1982). The professionally inviting school counselor. The School Counselor, 30, 84-88.

Purkey, W.W., & Schmidt, J.J. (1982). Ways to be an inviting parent: Suggestions for the counselor-consultant. Elementary School Guidance and Counseling, 17, 94-99.

Russell, D., Purkey, W.W., & Siegel, B. (1982). The artfully inviting teacher: A hierarchy of strategies. Education, 103, 35-38.

Schmidt, J.J. (1982). Coordination and supervision of counseling services: An Invitational approach. Counselor Education and Supervision, 22, 98-106.

Stillion, J.M. (1982). Ten steps in an Invitational hierarchy. Paper presented at the American Education Research Association Convention, New York City.

Thomas, A. (1982). Invitational Education: A framework for relating two theories to educational practice. Paper presented at the American Education Research Convention, New York City.

Turner, R.B. (1982). Teacher invitations and effectiveness as reported by Physical Education students, grades 9-12. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New York City.

Van Horn, K.L. (1982). A report on the Utah pupil/teacher self-concept program. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, New York City.

Wagner, W.J. (1982). Inviting reflective abstraction. Paper presented at the American Education Research Association Convention, New York City.

1981

Damico, S. (1981). Are there any invitations out there? Methodological approaches to assessing school environments. Paper presented to the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Dougherty, M.A. (December, 1981). The inviting middle school counselor. Humanist Educator, 20, 50-57.

Gerber, T., McBrien, D., & Siegel, B. (1981). The young adolescent: Invitations to school success. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Gorrell, J. (1981). Inviting problem solving in upper elementary school children. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Lambeth, C. (1981). Teacher invitations and effectiveness in secondary schools. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Love, J. (1981). Invitational Education as educational reform: Warning from an historical perspective. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Murphy, J., & Purkey, W.W. (1981). Invitational engineering in residence halls.The Journal of College and University Student Housing, 11, 1.

Novak, J. (1981). Clarity begins at home: An analysis of key ideas of Invitational Education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Novak, J. M., & Bennet, A. C. (1981). Looking for the inviting and just school environment. Paper presented to the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Petkau, H., & Wheeler, A. (1981). Teacher developmental stages and Invitational Education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Los Angeles, CA.

Purkey, W.W. (Fall,1981). Invitational Education: A fresh approach to the teaching- learning process. J.C. Penney Forum, 30-31.

Purkey, W.W. (1981). Suggestions for Invitational Education presenters. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 2, 1-2.

Purkey,W.W. (February, 1981). Four levels of teaching. The Principal, LVII, 21-22.

Purkey, W.W. (1981). Forty brass tack suggestions for the school executive. Northern Principal, 7, 2-6.

Purkey, W.W. (Winter, 1981). Inviting children to read. The Michigan Reading Journal, 14, 64-65.

Purkey, W.W., & Schmidt, J.J. (September, 1981). Becoming a professionally inviting counselor: A potpourri of ways. North Carolina School Counselor, 84- 88. Reprinted in The Pennsylvania Counselor, XXVIII (4) (1982, 19-23).

Purkey W.W., & Siegel, B. (February, 1981). Schools that invite success. Momentum, Journal of the National Catholic Educational Association. VIX (1).

Russell, D. (1981). Becoming a professionally inviting teacher: A taxonomy of strategies. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter.

Schmidt, J.J. (1981). On encouraging intentionality: A less than fluent response. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 2, 3-4.

Stehle, C.F. (1981). Invitational Learning: A case study of the implementation of the sustained silent reading (SSR) program within the junior high school classroom. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY.

1980

Lambeth, C.R. (1980). Teacher invitations and effectiveness as reported by secondary students in Virginia. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

Novak, J. (1980). Inviting skill development. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Boston, MA.

Novak, J. (1980). Inviting reading success: Using applied self concept theory in the classroom. Proceedings: Reading '80, (pp. 31-33). York University, Ontario, Canada.

Purkey, W.W. (1980). Improving college and university resident hall habits: An invitational approach. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Convention, Boston, MA.

Purkey, W.W., & Warters, R. (1980).Ten suggestions to make your schools more inviting. The Executive Educator, 4, 42-43.

Purkey, W.W., & Warters, R. (1980). The most inviting place in town: Becoming a successful administrator. Pathways To Success In Schools. Washington,DC: Educational Leadership Council of America.

Purkey, W.W. & Novak, J. (1980). Some random notes on Invitations. The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 1, 3-4.

Purkey, W.W. (1980). Why Invitational Education? The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 1, 4.

Turner, R. (1980). Artfully Inviting? The International Alliance for Invitational Education Newsletter, 1, 1.

1979

Novak, J. (1979). Becoming an invitational teacher. Pathways to Success in Schools, Proceedings of the 3rd Annual National Conference of the Educational Leadership Council of America.

Novak, J. M. (January, 1979). Invitations to what? Considerations for the development of teachers. Resources in Education. (ERIC Document No. ED 159 159)

Purkey, W.W. (1979). Invitations to teach by. Journal of Humanistic Education, 3, 23-28.

Purkey, W.W. (Spring, 1979). Think with me about Invitational Education. Educational Leadership Council of America, 5, 22.

Purkey, W.W., & Wasicsko, M. (1979). An invitation to success. Early Years, X, 72-74.

Purkey, W.W. (1979). Think with me about inviting. Special Education in Canada, 53, 22-23.

Purkey, W.W. (June, 1979). Invitational Education. Special Education in Canada, 54 (1), 49-51.

Purkey, W.W. (1979). Inviting school success. The Year of the Child, 13, 11-14.

Purkey, W.W. (1979). The Florida Key: A scale to infer learner self concept.

Educational and Psychological Measurement. Reprinted in Affective Education in the Schools (pp. 29-32). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

1978

Novak, J. (1978). Invitations to what? Considerations for the development of teachers. Paper presented at the American Education and Research Association Convention, Toronto, Canada.

Purkey, W.W. (1978). Inviting children to read. The Michigan Reading Journal, 14 (2).

Purkey, W.W. & Siegel, B. (February, 1978). Schools that invite success. Momentum, Journal of the National Catholic Educational Association.VIX (1).

Purkey, W.W. (1978). Inviting school success: A self-concept approach to teaching and learning. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

Purkey, W.W. (December, 1978). Some random thoughts on becoming an invitational counselor. News and Views, Division of Pupil Personnel Services, North Carolina Department of Public Instruction, LX, 6.

1977

Purkey, W.W. (1977). Eight ways to invite school success. Educational Leadership, Council of America Newsletter, 3, 5-6.

Purkey, W.W. (September, 1977). Inviting school success twelve ways.South Carolina Journal of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 10, 3-5 .

1976

Inglis, S.C. (1976). The development and validation of an instrument to assess teacher invitations and teacher effectiveness as reported by students in a technical and general post-secondary setting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, College of Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Purkey, W.W. (October, 1976). Powerful invitations in education. IASCUS, 4-6.

(Iowa Association for School College and University Newsletter, University of Iowa)

Purkey, W.W. (1976). The bell invites me. Proceedings, Mathematics, '76, (pp. 31- 35). York University, Downsview, Ontario, Canada.

Purkey, W.W. (April, 1976). Invitations to Mr. Jefferson's academical village. Proceedings. University of Virginia Education Day, Charlottesville, VA.

1975

Purkey, W.W. (1975). The invitational secondary school. Thresholds in Secondary Education, 1, 16-19.

1973

Purkey, W.W. (Summer, 1973). Operationalizing humanism through affirmative invitations. Thought Patterns in Education, 1, 3-4.

1971

Purkey, W.W. & Avila, D.L. (1971). Classroom discipline: A self concept approach. Elementary School Journal, 6, 325-328.

1970

Purkey, W.W. (1970). Self concept and school achievement. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Paula Stanley is an assistant professor of counselor education at Radford University in Virginia.

©1992 Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice, 1992, Vol. 1, No. 1